Waste gas energy generator

ABSTRACT

A WGEG. Waste GAs Energy Generator, has an electricity generation system, comprising a flue/waste supply device and an energy extraction chamber, EEC  01 , with a dark surface, with a sub-chamber  010  equipped with metal sprinkler for carbon dioxide and acid gas removal and hydrogen generation and heat exchangor HE  010  to transfer heat to heat up its ammonia content and at least one turbine system with water spray supply at its exit end and an end liquid collection chamber, or a liquefaction system, or a precipitation chamber for ammonia-carbon dioxide precipitation at its end. It also has a device in whic solvents used to absorb carbon dioxide, etc. in cleaning process are heated up by hot gas to release their gas to propel forward, after passing through an aluminium/metal screen. directly into a turbine system equipped with a rotating screening device.

This invention relates to a WGEG (waste gas energy generator).

Firepower plants suffer from gaseous and heat waste, contributing to El nino and flood problems; there is an imminent need for the control of carbon dioxide and other gaseous emission. One way is to convert the heat and pollutant emission into useful materials and energy. Hence this invention re-uses the emission from fossil plants.

According to this invention, there is provided a system connected by ducts and flue extraction device to a flue/waste gas supply source (for example, a flue chimney equipped with emission and extraction control device and condensate receptables and drainage systems). The flue/waste gas supply source is connected to an organic wash room to get rid of organic pollutants in preliminarily cleaned flue/waste gas, using an organic solvent; next the gas passes through a water wash room to get rid of inorganic solubles. Meanwhile, carbon dioxide is absorbed by the solvents. The cleaned gas now enters an (EEC) energy extraction chamber with dark surface and/or a greenhouse cover (with energy supplied by heliostat/s); the EEC has a heat exchangor inner drum (HE) containing ammonia/ammonia liquid to expand upon receiving heat. There is also heat exchange system for the ammonia fluid to receive heat from the solvents. Before reaching the HE, the cleaned gas meets a stream of carbon dioxide and acid gaseous wastes recovered from the aforesaid solvents (for example, by using control device directly injecting hot gas into the first solvent (under pressurized condition) and causing the ensuing gas to run into the second solvent (under pressurized condition) via a duct system and then and pass through a division containing metal scrap and water sprinkling device, while molten aluminium pellets/sodium or calcium pellets are sprinkled onto the wet gas by controlled introduction mechanism. The ensuing head gas now enters a storage drum (with a solar energy absorption device and with a heat exchanger HE). The heated ammonia gas on passing through the exchangers now enters a turbine (T). On leaving the turbine, the gas now meets water sprayed from a spraying device and runs (via a special duct and solution collector) into a drum, while any gaseous ammonia matter proceeds forward to meet gaseous carbon dioxide supplied by a duct into a precipitation chamber (PC)10,* resulting in partial vaccuum/vaccuum reduction. *(Alternatively, especially when liquid ammonia is used to supply ammonia gas, the gas on leaving T, is dragged into a gas compression chamber, thus supplying a suction to T.)

(Alternatively, the flue/waste gas leaves the wash room and meets a carbon dioxide absorbent (e.g. containing calcium hydroxide) in a container, and after heat extraction by HE, is passed for nitrogen extraction; removed carbon dioxide from the solvents is reheated/released separately, for example, in a separate chamber via hot gas injection device to become the head gas for the above process; the result is that only hydrogen emerges for extraction.)

A specific embodiment of a WGEG exemplified below by reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 represents, in perspective an EEC, looking from the side, with the external wall removed. EEC 01, includes a sub-chamber 010, connected by fluid duct 011 to screened waste water/sewage water supply; on top is metal-pellet sprinkler system 012; flue supply duct 04 feeds flue gas inwards and the resultant gas ensues at 041 into the next part of EEC 01 and then through fluid duct 03 into the aluminium screens (containing reactive metallic pellets) in an enclosure and then travels along fluid duct on wards to run a turbine (not shown) or to supply energy to a heat exchange system (not shown). (Additional acid removal designs such as scrap metal piles are optionally present.) The ensuing gas is then cooled, for example by fractional condensation, to produce compressed nitrogen and hydrogen gas or a mixture, the compression extraction process forming a forward drag for the turbine. Similarly, FIG. 2 shows a spray drum. With reference to FIG. 1, the WGEG has an EEC 01 to which flue/waste gas is supplied and an ID 02 (heat exchange drum, with ducts, valves, and passages, etc. including a fluid passage connexion to T, a turbine system (not shown). (See also FIG. 2.) The turbine has 2 parts, the first has a water coolant system at its exit end, and there is a liquid collector with a transport duct leading to a spray drum 00 so that the propellant gas ensuing is reheated by hot gas or heliostat, for example, again and enters a second turbine system cooled by a refrigerant at the exit end. The ensuing fluid then enters the spray drum to meet the first condensate and water from a fluid feeder (not shown). The new ammonia liquid (after concentration adjustment by an adjustment device) is then conveyed to the heat exchange drum ID 02. (Fluid duct 013 in subchamber 010 allows end waste/sewage fuid to escape for discharge/recycle purpose.)

Note:

1. Condensate receptacle/drainage system 072 exits in flue chimney. (See FIG. 3, vertical side perspective view of part of a chimney with wall facing view removed.)

2. Diagram numeral/figure explantion: 001 is fluid spray device connected to source not shown; 05,06 are fluid valves; 07 is part of a chimney.

3. Where the head gas from EEC 01 is finally used to run a T directly, the turbine system has a special rotating screen with a design to facilitate cleaning, to remove traces of particulates before entering T. For example, the head gas may meet a stream of hot gas (preliminarily cleaned) led in by a gas infeed system and enter a rotating device 08 with old metal piles trapped in iron/metal catchers (with fluid entrance and drainage facilities, for cleaning purpose). FIG. 4 is an aerial perspective of a rotating device with its interior contents (e.g. old metal scraps mounted on rotating paddles) not shown, connected to fluid transport ducts 09. Loading and unloading device for metal scraps have not been shown.)

4. FIG. 4 is a side perspective of a PC10, with a special bottom for precipitate collection and removal; maintenance doors have not been shown.

Operation:

1. Hot flue gas/waste gas is led (e.g. at 120 degrees Celsius) into the sub-chamber 010 via inlet valve 04. Aluminium pellets are sprinkled into sub-chamber 010 via the sprinkler system 012. (The aluminium pellets are contained in bullets (containing a heat supply powder/explosive or metal) on a dispensing disc, with speed control so that they enter the sub-chamber 010 at controlled rate. A floor cushion mechanism ensures the pellets/bullets would not damage the chamber. On meeting the acidic wet contents of the flue/waste gas supply, its temperature rises as hydrogen is released. The resultant gas now propels through valve 03 and a panel of aluminium screens (with trapped reactive metals) ensures traces of acids are removed. (The screens have fluid/particle collection and removal devices, especially to deal with shutting down process.) (The aluminium screens are checked and replaced/repaired via maintenance device, for example, including maintenance entrance door/s.) The propellant gas passes through T (not shown), after passing through additional screens such as metal scrap piles (with cooling systems at its exit end, and with a liquid collection system) connected to a coolant system for fractional liquefaction/compression process to extract its hydrogen and nitrogen contents.

2. To increase moisture and pollution contents, screened waste/sewage water is led into sub-chamber 010 via duct 011 and to leave via duct 013 (at controlled rate and time) to meet the above-mentioned incoming flue/waste gas (purified by preliminary particle removal process).

3. The fluid content in ID02 gasifies and expands (to be heated further, e.g. at heliostat points i.e. passage points with black external coloring on the ducts and transparent heat trap, if necessary). On entering the first part of T, this gas is cooled by water coolant or air at low temperature at the exit end to deposit liquid condensate at a liquid collector to run into the spray drum 00 later, while the gaseous content continues forward. The gaseous content is reheated (e.g. by hot gas and heliostat techniques) and passes through a second turbine system and cooled by a refrigerant to become a liquid to meet the liquid condensate in the spray drum below. Alternatively the end ammonia liquid enters a PC 10 to meet carbon dioxide, resulting in further suction pressure.

N.B. There are two parallel fluid propellant systems described. Also control of fluid pressure is by multiple valving/throttling. All necessary pumping control and subsidiary fluid passage and extraction devices are present and not shown. 

1. An electricity generation system characterized by the presence of a device to use hot industrial flue/waste gas to gasify a refrigerant to expand to drive a turbine.
 2. An electricity generation system as claimed in
 1. characterized by the presence of a pressure reduction system after the turbine system.
 3. An electricity generation system as in
 2. above characterized by the presence of a pressure reduction system containing a precipitation drum.
 4. An electricity generation system as claimed in
 3. above characterized by the presence of a carbon dioxide and acid gas removal device using metal and water as reagent.
 5. An electricity generation system as claimed in
 4. above characterized by the presence of a rotating device containing metal scraps at the entrance of the turbine.
 6. An electricity generation system as claimed in
 5. above characterized by the presence of a hot gas injection system to generate carbon dioxide from a solution.
 7. An electricity generation system as claimed in
 6. above characterized by the presence of a turbine system using hot gas (not from a heat exchangor or stem boiler) as direct driving force.
 8. An electricity generation system as claimed in
 1. above characterized by connexion to a turbine system which is cooled by a refrigerant at its exit end and further characterized by further connexion to a removal device for its end fluid, creating suction pressure.
 9. An electricity generation system as claimed in
 8. above characterized by the presence of a device for heliostat heating.
 10. An electricity generation system as claimed in
 8. above characterized by the presence of heat pump heat re-utilization device. 